Biodiesel is the name of a clean burning alternative fuel, produced from domestic, renewable resources. Biodiesel contains no petroleum, but it can be blended at any level with petroleum diesel to create a biodiesel blend. It can be used in compression-ignition (diesel) engines with little or no modifications. Biodiesel is simple to use, biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free of sulfur and aromatics.
In 2000 biodiesel became the only alternative fuel in the country to have successfully
completed the EPA-required Tier I and Tier II health effects testing under the Clean Air
Act. These independent tests conclusively demonstrated biodiesel's significant
reduction of virtually all regulated emissions, and showed biodiesel does not pose a
threat to human health.
Biodiesel contains no sulfur or aromatics, and use of biodiesel in a conventional diesel
engine results in substantial reduction of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide
and particulate matter. A U.S. Department of Energy study showed that the production
and use of biodiesel, compared to petroleum diesel, resulted in a 78.5% reduction in
carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, biodiesel has a positive energy balance. For
every unit of energy needed to produce a gallon of biodiesel, 3.24 units of energy are
gained.
Energy Security Benefits
With agricultural commodity prices approaching record lows, and petroleum prices
approaching record highs, it is clear that more can be done to utilize domestic
surpluses of vegetable oils while enhancing our energy security. Because biodiesel can
be manufactured using existing industrial production capacity, and used with
conventional equipment, it provides substantial opportunity for immediately addressing
our energy security issues.
If the true cost of using foreign oil were imposed on the price of imported fuel,
renewable fuels, such as biodiesel, probably would be the most viable option. For
instance, in 1996, it was estimated that the military costs of securing foreign oil was $57
billion annually. Foreign tax credits accounted for another estimated $4 billion annually
and environmental costs were estimated at $45 per barrel. For every billion dollars
spent on foreign oil, America lost 10,000-25,000 jobs. -- (information from www.biodiesel.org)